Opercular bone very much splintered or fimbriated. Axillary scale at base of pelvics. Distribution: Antarctic. Protogynous hermaphrodites, with few dominant males. Propensity to occur in algae and seagrass areas (Ref. Maximum length 70 cm, attained in Cepola rubescens. Elongate body; lower jaw protruding. Clinidae - (Clinids) Protogynous hermaphrodites, with few dominant males. Family needs more work. Maximum length about 25 cm (relatively small, 2-35 cm TL, Ref. Clinidae - (Clinids) (1999) have provided phylogenetic hypotheses based on morphology and molecular data respectively. 9847). The single dorsal fin originates on the head and extends over nearly the full length of the body. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific from South Africa to Hawaii and Easter I. Premaxilla with the front tip dorsally expanded and diverging to the sides. Vomerine teeth present. The check-list herein recognizes 403 valid Neotropical cichlid species out of XXX nominal taxa. 75992). Slightly emarginate caudal fin. Commonly sexually dimorphic. Body scales cycloid. 7463). Species flocks are reported from Africa. Scales covering head (including maxilla, snout, and occiput). Usually with fringes on lips. On the Pacific slope, cichlids are found in a succession of permanent rivers south to the Río Jequetepeque or perhaps even to slightly south of Lima, Peru. Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific. Cephalic mechanosensory canals not opening to the outside. Distribution: Indian, Atlantic and Pacific. Maximum length about 60 cm reported for Heterostichus rostratus; mostly well below this size (Ref. Anal fin 21-41 soft rays. Some root in sand for invertebrates and fishes. 7463). 7463); marine and estuarine, rarely freshwater (Ref. Spelling follows CoF (Eschmeyer, June 2007: Ref.). Caudal fin rounded, truncate or forked. Epineural ribs in some trunk vertebrae fused proximally to corresponding pleural ribs. CLOFFSCA: Maximum total length is about 16 cm, most specimens are about 10 - 12.5 cm. Vomer and palatine toothless. Pelvic fins may be lacking in some; with 6 rays when present. 8. The stomach has an extendible blind pouch (Zihler, 1982) Paulin (Ref. Juveniles enter fresh water in spring and spend the rest of their lives there. Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific. With 35-40 vertebrae. Family Cheimarrhichthyidae is a monotypic family consisting of Cheimarrichthys fosteri which is found in fast-flowing rivers thoughout coastal New Zealand. A few Neotropical cichlids are recorded from brackish water conditions. Distribution: coastal Australia, New Zealand, and Chile. To 85 cm maximum length, reported for Taractichthys longipinnis. 94114). Steindachner (1875) worked on the Thayer expedition collection of Amazonian cichlids, but did not add much beyond the work of Heckel. Warm temperate to tropical (Ref. Spinous dorsal fin lacking. Coryphaenidae - (Dolphinfishes) Centropomidae - (Snooks) 9. Dorsal fin usually with 7-25 spines and 5-30 soft rays. Premaxilla with the front tip dorsally expanded and diverging to the sides. Attains 1.5 m maximum length. Swim bladder usually absent in adults, except in Phenablennius, Omox, and most Nemophini. Chiefly tropical and subtropical marine; rare in fresh- and brackish water. Basisphenoid or posttemporal usually lacking. Chaetobranchopsis, Chaetobranchus and Satanoperca acuticeps are plankton feeders. Vertebrae usually 31 (10 + 21) (Ref. Dactyloscopidae - (Sand stargazers) Coryphaenidae - (Dolphinfishes) Cornea folding in at junction of skin and cornea. Suggested new common name for this family in a coming ref. Astronotus species, and to some extent Cichla species are subject to aquaculture in Brazil. Some of the planktivores and generalists do well in the aquarium, but most species are difficult to maintain, and obligate corallivores nearly impossible. Feed on small crustaceans and fishes. Brownish or olive. There are four permanent cichlid species occurring on the island of Trinidad, but no cichlids are found on any other islands close to the Venezuelan coast. Body color usually red or pink. Vertebrae usually 31 (10 + 21) (Ref. Dorsal fin continuous, with 6-16 spines and 15-30 soft rays. Some species widely introduced. Epineural ribs in some trunk vertebrae fused proximally to corresponding pleural ribs. Gill membranes separate, free of the isthmus; except in Rathbunella broadly joined and forming a free fold across the isthmus. Branchiostegal 7 rays. Body generally compressed, although body shape extremely variable from very deep to fusiform. A lateral line is present with about 50scales along its length. 205), and are attached to the substrate via a filamentous, adhesive pad or pedestal (Ref. To about 50 cm maximum length. Distribution: from India to Borneo in fresh and brackish waters. A few mouthbrooding species practice exclusive maternal brood care, with a minimum delay between egg-laying and oral incubation (Gymnogeophagus balzanii, NE Colombian Geophagus species). Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Maximum length about 8 cm. Vertebrae 24 (11+13). Important in aquaculture and commonly used in rice-fish farming. Suggested new common name for this family in a coming ref. Only one species occurs in true marine waters Tilapia guineensis (Günther, 1862). Body scales cycloid. Lateral line uninterrupted and complete. The cichlids are the most species-rich non-Ostariophysan fish family in freshwaters world-wide, and one of the major vertebrate families, with at least 1300 species and with estimates approaching 1900 species (Kullander, 1998).

freshwater fish with long dorsal fin

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freshwater fish with long dorsal fin 2020